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ECON FACTBOOK

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Economy of Tonga

Population: 105 thousand in 20131

GDP: $466 million in 20132

GDP per capita: $4,427 nominal3 ($5,303 PPP4) in 2013

GDP growth rate: 0.5% in 20135

Industries

GDP by Industry 20126

Industry sectorValue added ($ millions) 2012Percent of total
Other activities15538.5%
Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing7618.9%
Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels5814.5%
Construction4410.8%
Transport, storage and communication286.9%
Manufacturing276.6%
Mining and utilities153.8%
Total value added403100%

Employment

Unemployment rate: 13% in 20037

Employment by Industry

N/A

Corporations

Top 10 Corporations by Revenue 20138

N/A

Households

Household Wealth: $1 billion (215% of GDP) in 20149

Household Wealth per Adult: $15,734 in 20149

Gini Coefficient: N/A

Government

Central Government

Central Government Revenue: $112 million (24% of GDP) in 201310

Central Government Expenditure: $112 million (24% of GDP) in 201310

Central Government Budget Balance: $0 million (0% of GDP) in 201310

Central Government Public Debt: $196 million (42% of GDP) in Sept 2014* 11

Central Government 6 Year Bond Interest Rate: 3.5% in Apr 201412

* Public debt calculated using the exchange rate 1.97 TOP = 1 USD

Government Funds

N/A

Tax Structure

Individual Income Tax Rates and Thresholds: N/A

Corporate Tax Rate: N/A

Monetary Policy

Money Supply (M1): $86 million (18% of GDP) in 2013* 13

Benchmark Interest Rate: N/A

Total Reserves: $155 million (33% of GDP) in 201314

Exchange Rate: 1.97 Tongan Pa'anga = 1 U.S. Dollar on Feb 25, 201515

Inflation: 0.7% in 201316

* Money supply calculated using the exchange rate 1.97 TOP = 1 USD

Financial Institutions

Top 10 Financial Institutions by Assets 201317

N/A (0 banks on SNL's largest banks in the world list)

International Accounts

Exports: $9 million (2% of GDP) in 201318

Imports: $123 million (26% of GDP) in 201318

Trade Balance: -$114 million (-24% of GDP) in 201318

Foreign Direct Investment Inflow: $11 million (2% of GDP) in 201319

Foreign Direct Investment Outflow: N/A

Foreign Aid Inflow: $78 million (17% of GDP) in 201220

Foreign Aid Outflow: N/A

References

1. Source: World Bank Indicators (Population) Go back
2. Source: World Bank Indicators (GDP) Go back
3. Source: World Bank Indicators (GDP per capita) Go back
4. Source: World Bank Indicators (GDP per capita PPP) Go back
5. Source: World Bank Indicators (GDP growth rate) Go back
6. Source: United Nations Statistics Division (GDP by industry) Go back
7. Source: CIA World Factbook (Unemployment rate) Go back
8. Source: Annual reports (Corporate data) Go back
9. Source: Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook (Household wealth) Go back
10. Source: CIA World Factbook (Government budget) Go back
11. Source: Tonga Ministry of Finance and National Planning, Publications, Debt Reports (Public debt) Go back
12. Source: National Reserve Bank of Tonga, Financial Statistics, Government Bonds (Government bond yield) Go back
13. Source: World Bank Indicators (Money supply) Go back
14. Source: World Bank Indicators (Total reserves) Go back
15. Source: xe.com (Exchange rate) Go back
16. Source: World Bank Indicators (Inflation rate) Go back
17. Source: SNL (Financial institutions by assets) Go back
18. Source: CIA World Factbook (Trade data) Go back
19. Source: World Bank Indicators (FDI data) Go back
20. Source: World Bank Indicators (Aid data) Go back