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Economy of Germany

Population: 81 million in 2013¹

GDP: $3.73 trillion in 2013²

GDP per capita: $46,269 nominal³ ($43,332 PPP⁴) in 2013

GDP growth rate: 1.6% in 2014⁵

Industries

GDP by Industry 2012⁶

Industry sector	Value added ($ billions) 2012	Percent of total
Other activities	1,620	49.9%
Manufacturing	736	22.7%
Wholesale, retail trade, restaurants and hotels	347	10.7%
Transport, storage and communication	256	7.9%
Construction	152	4.7%
Mining and utilities	109	3.3%
Agriculture, hunting, forestry, fishing	26	0.8%
Total value added	3,246	100%

Employment

Unemployment rate: 4.7% in Jan 2015⁷

Employment by Industry 2013⁸

Employment sector	Employees (thousands) 2013	Percent of total
Manufacturing	7,840	19.4%
Wholesale trade, retail trade and repair of motor vehicles	5,814	14.4%
Human health and social work	4,943	12.2%
Public administration and defence	2,832	7.0%
Construction	2,754	6.8%
Education	2,592	6.4%
Professional, scientific and technical	2,184	5.4%
Administrative and support service	1,987	4.9%
Transportation and storage	1,967	4.9%
Accommodation and food service	1,575	3.9%
Finance and insurance	1,299	3.2%
Other service	1,203	3.0%
Information and communication	1,180	2.9%
Agriculture, forestry and fishing	581	1.4%
Arts, entertainment and recreation	549	1.4%
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning	361	0.9%
Activities of households as employers	241	0.6%
Real estate	227	0.6%
Water supply, sewerage and waste management	215	0.5%
Mining and quarrying	86	0.2%
Extraterritorial organizations and bodies	21	0.1%
Total employment	40,450	100%

Corporations

Top 10 Corporations by Revenue 2014* ⁹

Rank	Corporation	Revenue ($ billions) 2014	Profit ($ billions) 2014	Assets ($ billions) 12/31/14	Industry
1	Volkswagen	239	13.0	415	Autombiles
2	Daimler	153	8.6	224	Automobiles
3	Allianz	144	7.4	953	Finance
4	E.ON	132	2.5	148	Energy
5	BMW Group	95	6.8	182	Automobiles
6	BASF	88	6.1	84	Chemicals
7	Siemens	85	6.3	124	Diversified
8	Deutsche Telekom	71	1.1	139	Telecommunications
9	Metro Group	69	0.4	36	Retail
10	Munich Re	65	3.7	323	Finance

* Corporate data calculated using the exchange rate 0.845 EUR = 1 USD

Households

Household Wealth: $14.2 trillion (380% of GDP) in 2014¹⁰

Household Wealth per Adult: $211,049 in 2014¹⁰

Gini Coefficient: .306 in 2010¹¹

Government

Central Government

Central Government Total Revenue: $1.63 trillion (44% of GDP) in 2013¹²

Central Government Total Expenditure: $1.62 trillion (44% of GDP) in 2013¹²

Central Government Budget Balance: +$0.01 trillion (0% of GDP) in 2013¹²

Central Government Public Debt: $1.63 trillion (44% of GDP) in Q2 2014* ¹³

Central Government 10 Year Bond Interest Rate: 0.49% on Jan 9, 2014¹⁴

* Public debt calculated using the exchange rate 0.845 EUR = 1 USD

Public Funds

N/A

Tax Structure

Personal Income Tax Rates and Thresholds in 2013* ¹⁵

0%: $0-$6,869
14%: $8,870-$211,866
45%: $211,867+

Corporate Tax Rate: 29.5% in 2014¹⁶

* Individual thresholds using the exchange rate 0.845 EUR = 1 USD

Monetary Policy

Money Supply (Euro area, M1): $6.88 trillion in Nov 2014* ¹⁷

Benchmark Interest Rate (Euro area): 0.05% in Sept 2014¹⁸

Total Reserves: $199 billion (5% of GDP) in 2013¹⁹

Exchange Rate: 0.845 Euro = 1 U.S. Dollar on Jan 9, 2015²⁰

Inflation: 0.1% in Feb 2015²¹

* Money supply calculated using an exchange rate 0.845 EUR = 1 USD

Financial Institutions

Top 10 Financial Institutions by Assets 2013* ²²

Rank	Financial Institution	Assets ($ billions) 12/31/13
1	Deutsche Bank	1,907
2	Commerzbank	650
3	KfW	549
4	DZ Bank	458
5	Landesbank Baden-Wurttemberg	324
6	Bayerische Landesbank	302
7	Norddeutsche Landesbank	238
8	Helaba	211
9	Hypo Real Estate Holding	144
10	DekaBank	137

* Assets calculated using the exchange rate 0.845 EUR = 1 USD

International Accounts

Exports: $1.49 trillion (40% of GDP) in 2013²³

Imports: $1.23 trilion (33% of GDP) in 2013²³

Trade Balance: +$260 trillion (+7% of GDP) in 2013²³

Foreign Direct Investment Inflow: $27 billion (1% of GDP) in 2013²⁴

Foreign Direct Investment Outflow: $58 (2% of GDP) billion in 2013²⁴

Foreign Aid Inflow: N/A

Foreign Aid Outflow: $14.2 billion (0.4% of GDP) in 2013²⁵

References

^{1. Source: World Bank Indicators (Population) Go back}
^{2. Source: World Bank Indicators (GDP) Go back}
^{3. Source: World Bank Indicators (GDP per capita) Go back}
^{4. Source: World Bank Indicators (GDP per capita PPP) Go back}
^{5. Source: Newsweek (GDP growth rate) Go back}
^{6. Source: United Nations Statistics Division (GDP by industry) Go back}
^{7. Source: The Sofia Globe (Unemployment rate) Go back}
^{8. Source: International Labor Organization, Downloads (Employment by economic activity) Go back}
^{9. Source: Annual reports (Corporate data) Go back}
^{10. Source: Credit Suisse Global Wealth Databook (Household wealth) Go back}
^{11. Source: CIA World Factbook (Gini coefficient) Go back}
^{12. Source: CIA World Factbook (Government budget) Go back}
^{13. Source: OECD Stat Extracts, National Accounts, Quarterly Public Sector Debt (Public debt) Go back}
^{14. Source: Bloomberg (Government bond yield) Go back}
^{15. Source: OECD Stat Extracts, Public Sector, Tax Database (Individual tax rates) Go back}
^{16. Source: Tax Foundation (Corporate tax rate) Go back}
^{17. Source: ECB Monetary developments (Money supply) Go back}
^{18. Source: ECB Key interest rates (Benchmark interest rate) Go back}
^{19. Source: World Bank Indicators (Total reserves) Go back}
^{20. Source: Yahoo Finance (Exchange rate) Go back}
^{21. Source: Global Post (Inflation rate) Go back}
^{22. Source: Relbanks.com (Financial institutions by assets) Go back}
^{23. Source: CIA World Factbook (Trade data) Go back}
^{24. Source: OECD FDI in Figures (FDI data) Go back}
^{25. Source: OECD Aid Statisitcs (Aid outflow) Go back}